What is a newly mature fistula?

A newly mature fistula is one that has undergone a post-operative examination by a surgeon. This examination typically assesses the fistula's patency, functionality, and suitability for use in hemodialysis. A surgical assessment is crucial because it ensures that the fistula has developed adequately and can handle the necessary blood flow for dialysis treatments.

The other options present scenarios that either don't accurately describe a newly mature fistula or focus on different aspects of the fistula's use. For example, while a fistula may be considered usable after a certain number of treatments or cannulations have taken place, this does not directly relate to its maturity. Similarly, a timeline regarding cannulation or potential unsuitability for dialysis does not define maturity. The key aspect of a newly mature fistula lies in the evaluation process that confirms its readiness for dialysis, which is accomplished through the post-operative exam by a surgeon.