What are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the USA?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health issue, and understanding its leading causes is crucial for prevention and management. The primary drivers of CKD in the USA are diabetes and hypertension.

Diabetes causes CKD through a process called diabetic nephropathy, which involves damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys due to prolonged high blood sugar levels. Over time, this damage impairs the kidneys' ability to filter waste effectively, leading to kidney function decline.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, also significantly impacts kidney health. Elevated blood pressure can cause the blood vessels in the kidneys to narrow, weaken, or thicken, which further reduces kidney function.

Both diabetes and hypertension often coexist and are prevalent in the population, making them critical risk factors for CKD. Addressing these conditions through lifestyle modifications and medical management can play a pivotal role in preventing the progression of CKD and enhancing kidney health.