If removal of the infiltrated needle is necessary, what should be applied afterward?

When a needle infiltration occurs during hemodialysis, the application of a cold pack to the infiltration area is recommended. This is because cold therapy serves to constrict blood vessels, which can help minimize swelling and discomfort associated with the infiltration. The cold can also numb the area, reducing pain and preventing further tissue damage.

Applying a cold pack shortly after the needle is removed can address any immediate inflammation and discomfort that may arise from the infiltration. It's crucial to ensure that the cold pack is not applied directly to the skin to avoid ice burns; it should be wrapped in a cloth or towel.

Using hot water, as suggested in one option, could exacerbate swelling and increase blood flow to the area, which is counterproductive. A pressure bandage can be useful in certain circumstances but is typically not the first line of treatment immediately following needle infiltration, as it could further irritate the site. Lastly, while it might seem that no treatment is needed, ignoring the infiltration can lead to complications such as further swelling or pain, making it important to take appropriate action right after the event.